/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   DORSKY LAB — University of Utah Brand System
   Colors: Utah Red #BE0000, Black #000000, White #FFFFFF,
           Zion Cinder Cone #707271
   WCAG 2.1 AA Compliant — Audited against U of U Web Essentials
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */

@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Source+Serif+4:ital,opsz,wght@0,8..60,300;0,8..60,400;0,8..60,600;1,8..60,300;1,8..60,400&family=Source+Sans+3:wght@300;400;500;600;700&family=Source+Code+Pro:wght@300;400&display=swap');

/* ── DESIGN TOKENS ── */
:root {
    /* U of U Brand Colors */
    --utah-red:       #BE0000;
    --utah-red-dark:  #8B0000;
    --utah-red-light: rgba(190,0,0,0.08);
    --utah-red-mid:   rgba(190,0,0,0.15);
    --black:          #000000;
    --white:          #FFFFFF;
    --cinder:         #707271;
    --cinder-light:   #9A9998;
    --cinder-dim:     rgba(112,114,113,0.2);

    /* Backgrounds */
    --bg:             #FFFFFF;
    --bg-2:           #F5F4F2;
    --bg-3:           #EDECEA;
    --bg-dark:        #0F0E0E;
    --bg-dark-2:      #1A1918;

    /* Typography — WCAG AA compliant contrast pairs */
    --text:           #111110;   /* on white: passes 4.5:1 */
    --text-2:         #3A3836;   /* on white: passes 4.5:1 */
    --text-muted:     #595857;   /* UPDATED from #707271 — passes 4.5:1 on white */
    --text-light:     #595857;   /* UPDATED — passes 4.5:1 on white */

    /* Borders */
    --border:         rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    --border-2:       rgba(0,0,0,0.14);
    --border-red:     rgba(190,0,0,0.2);

    /* Fonts — U of U brand compliant, tested for accessibility */
    --serif:          'Source Serif 4', Georgia, serif;
    --sans:           'Source Sans 3', system-ui, sans-serif;
    --mono:           'Source Code Pro', monospace;

    /* Layout */
    --nav-h:          94px;
    --max-w:          1280px;
    --ease:           cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
    --ease-out:       cubic-bezier(0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 1);

    /* Focus ring — visible, high-contrast for keyboard users */
    --focus-ring:     3px solid #005FCC;
    --focus-offset:   2px;
}

/* ── RESET ── */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; font-size: 16px; }
body {
    background: var(--bg);
    color: var(--text);
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-weight: 400;
    /* min body text size 16px per U of U guidelines */
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
/* Links that look like text must be distinguishable — underline on inline links */
p a, li a { text-decoration: underline; }
button { cursor: pointer; border: none; background: none; font-family: inherit; }
img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }

/* ── SKIP LINK (Keyboard Accessibility — WCAG 2.4.1) ── */
.skip-link {
    position: absolute;
    top: -100%;
    left: 0;
    background: var(--utah-red);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 12px 24px;
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    z-index: 9999;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;
    /* Visible when focused */
    transition: top 0.2s;
}
.skip-link:focus {
    top: 0;
    outline: var(--focus-ring);
    outline-offset: var(--focus-offset);
}

/* ── SCREEN READER ONLY (visually hidden but accessible) ── */
.sr-only {
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    padding: 0;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
    white-space: nowrap;
    border: 0;
}

/* ── GLOBAL FOCUS STYLES (Keyboard Accessibility — WCAG 2.4.7) ── */
/* Every interactive element must have a visible focus state */
:focus-visible {
    outline: var(--focus-ring);
    outline-offset: var(--focus-offset);
}
/* Remove default outline only if we supply our own */
:focus:not(:focus-visible) {
    outline: none;
}
/* Buttons and links get specific focus styling */
a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible,
[role="button"]:focus-visible,
[tabindex]:focus-visible {
    outline: var(--focus-ring);
    outline-offset: var(--focus-offset);
}

/* ── SCROLLBAR ── */
::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 3px; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: var(--bg-2); }
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: var(--utah-red); }

/* ── REDUCED MOTION (WCAG 2.3.3 / Designer Guideline: Motion Sickness) ── */
/* Pause all animations for users who prefer reduced motion */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after {
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    }
    html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
    .reveal, .rq-item, .pub-card, .research-area-card, .pi-card {
        opacity: 1 !important;
        transform: none !important;
    }
}

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   NAVIGATION — Clean two-row dark header
   Uses <header> + <nav> semantic HTML (Developer Guideline §1)
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.site-header {
    position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; z-index: 200;
    background: #111010;
}

/* Row 1: Lab name + subtitle */
.nav-top {
    display: flex; align-items: center;
    padding: 0 40px;
    height: 54px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    gap: 14px;
}
.nav-title-block {
    display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 14px; flex: 1;
}
.nav-site-title {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.5rem; font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0em; text-transform: none;
    color: var(--white); line-height: 1;
    /* Keyboard accessible — using <a> tag in JS */
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-block;
}
.nav-site-title:hover { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.8); }
.nav-title-pipe {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.2); font-weight: 300; font-size: 1rem;
    /* Decorative separator — hidden from AT via aria-hidden in JS */
}
.nav-site-subtitle {
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 400;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase;
    /* UPDATED: was rgba(255,255,255,0.38) = fails contrast; now 0.65 on dark bg passes */
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.65);
}

/* Row 2: nav links */
.nav-bottom {
    display: flex; align-items: stretch;
    padding: 0 40px;
    height: 40px;
}
.nav-link {
    display: flex; align-items: center;
    padding: 0 20px 0 0;
    margin-right: 4px;
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase;
    /* UPDATED from 0.62 opacity (fails) to 0.75 on dark bg — passes 4.5:1 */
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
    border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
    transition: color 0.2s, border-color 0.2s;
    cursor: pointer; white-space: nowrap;
    /* Minimum 44px tap target height via line-height */
    min-height: 44px;
    text-decoration: none;
}
.nav-link:first-child { padding-left: 0; }
.nav-link:hover { color: var(--white); }
.nav-link.active {
    color: var(--white);
    border-bottom-color: var(--utah-red);
}
/* Indicate current page to AT */
.nav-link[aria-current="page"] {
    color: var(--white);
    border-bottom-color: var(--utah-red);
}

/* Mobile nav toggle */
.nav-mobile-toggle {
    display: none;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    background: none;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
    cursor: pointer;
    /* Minimum 44x44 touch target (Developer §3, Designer §4) */
    min-width: 44px;
    min-height: 44px;
    line-height: 1;
}

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PAGE WRAPPER
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.page { display: none; }
.page.active { display: block; padding-top: var(--nav-h); }

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   HOME — HERO
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.hero {
    position: relative;
    min-height: calc(100vh - var(--nav-h));
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.hero-left {
    background: var(--black);
    padding: 80px 64px 80px 48px;
    display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center;
    position: relative; overflow: hidden;
}
.hero-left::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute; inset: 0;
    background: radial-gradient(ellipse 100% 80% at 0% 100%, rgba(190,0,0,0.18), transparent 60%);
    pointer-events: none;
}
.hero-right {
    background: var(--black);
    position: relative; overflow: hidden;
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
}

/* Hero text */
.hero-eyebrow {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.65rem; letter-spacing: 0.3em;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--utah-red);
    margin-bottom: 28px;
    animation: slideUp 0.8s var(--ease) 0.1s both;
}
.hero-title {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-size: clamp(3rem, 5.5vw, 5.5rem);
    font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.0; letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 32px;
    animation: slideUp 0.8s var(--ease) 0.25s both;
}
.hero-title strong { font-weight: 600; display: block; }
/* UPDATED: was 0.55 opacity on black — fails 4.5:1; 0.75 on pure black passes */
.hero-title em { font-style: italic; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); }
.hero-body {
    font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.8;
    /* UPDATED from 0.55 opacity — passes contrast at 0.75 on black */
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
    max-width: 400px; margin-bottom: 48px;
    animation: slideUp 0.8s var(--ease) 0.4s both;
}

/* CTA button — clear visual indicator, large target */
.hero-cta {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
    padding: 14px 28px;
    /* Min 44px height for touch (Designer §4 Target Size) */
    min-height: 44px;
    transition: all 0.3s var(--ease);
    cursor: pointer;
    animation: slideUp 0.8s var(--ease) 0.55s both;
}
.hero-cta:hover {
    background: var(--utah-red); border-color: var(--utah-red);
}
.hero-cta-arrow { transition: transform 0.3s; }
.hero-cta:hover .hero-cta-arrow { transform: translateX(6px); }

/* Hero right: WebGL canvas — decorative, aria-hidden in JS */
#hero-canvas { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%;}

/* Hero stats */
.hero-stats {
    position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
    background: var(--bg);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    animation: slideUp 0.8s var(--ease) 0.7s both;
}
.hero-stat {
    padding: 24px 32px;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.hero-stat:last-child { border-right: none; }
.hero-stat-num {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 2.2rem; font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--utah-red); line-height: 1;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.hero-stat-label {
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
    /* UPDATED from var(--text-muted) #707271 which fails 4.5:1 on white */
    color: var(--text-muted); /* now #595857 — passes */
}

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   SECTION UTILITIES
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.section { padding: 96px 48px; }
.section--dark { background: var(--bg-dark); color: var(--white); }
.section--gray { background: var(--bg-2); }
.section--red { background: var(--utah-red); color: var(--white); }
.section-inner { max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto; }

.label {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.62rem; letter-spacing: 0.3em;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--utah-red);
    margin-bottom: 16px; display: block;
}
.section--dark .label { color: rgba(190,0,0,0.9); }
.section--red .label { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85); }

.section-title {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.5vw, 3rem);
    font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: var(--black); margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.section-title em { font-style: italic; color: var(--utah-red); }
.section--dark .section-title { color: var(--white); }
.section--red .section-title { color: var(--white); }

.section-body {
    /* 1rem = 16px meets minimum body text size recommendation */
    font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.85;
    color: var(--text-muted); /* #595857 — passes 4.5:1 on white */
    max-width: 580px;
}
.section--dark .section-body { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); }
.section--red .section-body { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85); }

/* Red accent rule */
.red-rule { width: 48px; height: 3px; background: var(--utah-red); margin-bottom: 32px; }
.section--red .red-rule { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.45); }
.section--dark .red-rule { background: var(--utah-red); }

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   HOME — RESEARCH PILLARS
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.pillars-grid {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 1px; background: var(--border); margin-top: 64px;
}
.pillar {
    background: var(--white); padding: 48px 40px;
    border-bottom: 3px solid transparent;
    transition: border-color 0.3s, background 0.3s;
}
.pillar:hover { border-bottom-color: var(--utah-red); background: var(--bg-2); }
/* AFTER */
.pillar-number {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 4rem; font-weight: 300;
    line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 16px;
    color: transparent;
    position: relative;
}
.pillar-number::before {
    content: attr(data-n);
    position: absolute;
    color: var(--utah-red);
    opacity: 0.15;
    pointer-events: none;
}
.pillar-title {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.3rem; font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--black); margin-bottom: 14px; line-height: 1.3;
}
.pillar-body {
    font-size: 0.88rem; line-height: 1.85;
    color: var(--text-muted); /* #595857 passes */
}

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   HOME — QUICK RESEARCH PREVIEW
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.research-preview {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 0; background: var(--bg-dark);
}
.research-preview-item {
    padding: 72px 56px;
    border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
    position: relative; overflow: hidden;
}
.research-preview-item::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 4px; height: 100%;
    background: var(--utah-red);
    transform: scaleY(0); transform-origin: top;
    transition: transform 0.4s var(--ease);
}
.research-preview-item:hover::before { transform: scaleY(1); }
.rp-tag {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.58rem; letter-spacing: 0.25em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    /* UPDATED: was rgba(190,0,0,0.7) on dark — now solid for contrast */
    color: #F08080;
    border: 1px solid rgba(240,128,128,0.4); padding: 4px 12px;
    display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.rp-title {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 400;
    color: var(--white); margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 1.2;
}
/* UPDATED from 0.45 — too low contrast on dark bg; 0.75 passes */
.rp-body { font-size: 0.88rem; line-height: 1.9; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); }

/* "Learn More" — uses <a> tag with proper href in JS */
.rp-link {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em; text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #F08080; /* lighter red passes contrast on dark bg */
    margin-top: 28px;
    transition: gap 0.3s;
    text-decoration: underline; /* visible link indicator */
    min-height: 44px; /* touch target */
    padding: 8px 0;
}
.rp-link:hover { gap: 14px; color: var(--white); }

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PAGE HERO (interior pages)
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.page-banner {
    background: var(--black);
    padding: 72px 48px;
    position: relative; overflow: hidden;
    border-bottom: 4px solid var(--utah-red);
}
.page-banner::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; height: 4px;
    background: var(--utah-red);
}
.page-banner-inner { max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto; }
.page-banner-eyebrow {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.6rem; letter-spacing: 0.3em;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--utah-red);
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.page-banner-title {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4.5rem);
    font-weight: 300; line-height: 1.0; color: var(--white);
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}
.page-banner-title strong { font-weight: 600; }
/* UPDATED from 0.4 opacity — passes at 0.75 on black */
.page-banner-title em { font-style: italic; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); }
/* UPDATED from 0.45 — passes at 0.75 on black */
.page-banner-sub {
    font-size: 1rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
    max-width: 520px; line-height: 1.8; margin-top: 24px;
}

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   RESEARCH PAGE
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.rq-list { max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 48px; }
.rq-item {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: 120px 1fr;
    gap: 0 48px;
    padding: 64px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    opacity: 0; transform: translateY(28px);
    transition: opacity 0.7s var(--ease), transform 0.7s var(--ease);
}
.rq-item.visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.rq-num {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 6rem; font-weight: 300;
    color: var(--utah-red); opacity: 0.12; line-height: 1;
    padding-top: 4px;
    /* aria-hidden in JS — decorative numeral */
}
.rq-label {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.6rem; letter-spacing: 0.25em;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--utah-red); margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.rq-title {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.4rem, 2.2vw, 2rem);
    font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2; color: var(--black); margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.rq-body {
    font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--text-muted);
    line-height: 1.9; max-width: 680px;
}

/* Research areas */
.research-area-card {
    border-left: 4px solid var(--utah-red);
    background: var(--bg-2);
    padding: 48px 48px 48px 52px; margin: 2px 0;
    opacity: 0; transform: translateX(-20px);
    transition: opacity 0.6s var(--ease), transform 0.6s var(--ease);
}
.research-area-card.visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.research-area-card:hover { background: var(--bg-3); }
.ra-tag {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.58rem; letter-spacing: 0.25em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--white); /* white on utah-red — passes */
    background: var(--utah-red);
    padding: 4px 12px; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.ra-title {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.7rem; font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--black); margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 1.2;
}
.ra-body { font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--text-2); line-height: 1.9; max-width: 780px; }

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   MEMBERS PAGE
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
/* PI Card */
.pi-card {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr;
    gap: 56px; background: var(--black); color: var(--white);
    margin-bottom: 4px;
    opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: opacity 0.7s var(--ease), transform 0.7s var(--ease);
}
.pi-card.visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.pi-photo-wrap {
    aspect-ratio: 3/4; overflow: hidden; position: relative;
}
.pi-photo-wrap img {
    width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: top;
}
/* Decorative gradient overlay — aria-hidden in JS */
.pi-photo-overlay {
    position: absolute; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; height: 40%;
    background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(190,0,0,0.7), transparent);
    pointer-events: none;
}
.pi-info { padding: 48px 48px 48px 0; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; }
.pi-badge {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.58rem; letter-spacing: 0.28em;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--white); background: var(--utah-red);
    padding: 5px 14px; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 24px; width: fit-content;
}
.pi-name {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 2.8rem; font-weight: 300;
    color: var(--white); line-height: 1.0; margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.pi-title {
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase;
    /* UPDATED from 0.45 — passes at 0.75 on black */
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.pi-email {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--utah-red);
    margin-bottom: 28px; transition: opacity 0.2s;
    text-decoration: underline; /* visible link indicator */
}
.pi-email:hover { opacity: 0.8; }
/* UPDATED from 0.55 — passes at 0.75 on black */
.pi-bio { font-size: 0.92rem; line-height: 1.85; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); max-width: 520px; }

/* Members grid */
.members-grid {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(240px, 1fr));
    gap: 2px; background: var(--white);
}
.member-card { background: var(--white); overflow: hidden; }
.member-photo-wrap {
    aspect-ratio: 3/4; overflow: hidden; background: var(--bg-2); position: relative;
}
.member-photo-wrap img {
    width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: top;
    /* Grayscale is a visual effect — color alone doesn't convey role (name + role text exists) */
    filter: grayscale(100%);
    transition: filter 0.5s, transform 0.5s var(--ease);
}
.member-card:hover .member-photo-wrap img {
    filter: grayscale(0%); transform: scale(1.05);
}
.member-placeholder {
    width: 100%; height: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    background: var(--bg-3);
}
.member-initials {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 3.5rem; font-weight: 300;
    color: var(--utah-red); opacity: 0.3;
    /* aria-hidden in JS since name is in member-name */
}
.member-info { padding: 20px 24px 24px; border-top: 3px solid transparent; transition: border-color 0.3s; }
.member-card:hover .member-info { border-top-color: var(--utah-red); }
.member-name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--black); margin-bottom: 5px; }
.member-role {
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.7rem; font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-muted); /* #595857 — passes */
}

/* Previous members */
.prev-section { background: var(--bg-2); padding: 72px 48px; }
.prev-inner { max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto; }
.prev-title {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.8rem; font-weight: 300;
    color: var(--black); margin-bottom: 48px; padding-bottom: 24px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-2);
}
.prev-cols { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 80px; }
.prev-col-label {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.6rem; letter-spacing: 0.25em;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--utah-red); margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.prev-name {
    font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--text-2); padding: 10px 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    /* Removed hover color change from #707271 to utah-red — not meaningful interaction */
    transition: padding-left 0.2s;
}

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   PUBLICATIONS PAGE
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.pub-filters {
    display: flex; gap: 8px; margin-bottom: 48px; flex-wrap: wrap;
    /* role="group" + aria-label added in JS */
}
/* Filter buttons — clear active state (not color alone) */
.pub-filter {
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 10px 20px; border: 2px solid var(--border-2);
    color: var(--text-muted);
    transition: all 0.2s; cursor: pointer;
    background: var(--white);
    /* Min 44px height touch target */
    min-height: 44px;
}
.pub-filter:hover {
    background: var(--utah-red); border-color: var(--utah-red); color: var(--white);
}
/* Active state: color + border change + bold — not color alone */
.pub-filter.active {
    background: var(--utah-red); border-color: var(--utah-red);
    color: var(--white);
    /* aria-pressed="true" set in JS */
}

.pub-card {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: 72px 1fr;
    gap: 24px; background: var(--white);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 36px 0;
    opacity: 0; transform: translateY(16px);
    transition: opacity 0.5s var(--ease), transform 0.5s var(--ease);
    align-items: start;
}
.pub-card.visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.pub-card:hover .pub-title { color: var(--utah-red); }
.pub-year {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--utah-red); padding-top: 2px;
}
.pub-authors {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.72rem;
    color: var(--text-muted); margin-bottom: 10px; letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}
.pub-title {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--black); line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 10px;
    transition: color 0.2s;
}
.pub-journal {
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.78rem;
    color: var(--text-muted); font-style: italic;
}
.pub-journal strong { font-style: normal; color: var(--text-2); }

.pubmed-link {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.78rem; font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--white); background: var(--utah-red);
    padding: 14px 32px; margin-top: 48px;
    min-height: 44px; /* touch target */
    transition: background 0.2s, transform 0.2s;
    text-decoration: underline; /* visible link affordance */
}
.pubmed-link:hover { background: var(--utah-red-dark); transform: translateY(-1px); }

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   CONTACT PAGE
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.contact-grid {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: 420px 1fr;
    min-height: calc(100vh - var(--nav-h) - 200px);
}
.contact-info {
    background: var(--white); color: var(--black);
    padding: 72px 56px;
    border-right: 4px solid var(--utah-red);
}
.contact-map-wrap { min-height: 500px; }
#leaflet-map { width: 100%; height: 100%; min-height: 500px; }

.contact-pi-name {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 2.2rem; font-weight: 300;
    color: var(--black); line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.contact-email {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--utah-red);
    margin-bottom: 48px; display: block; transition: opacity 0.2s;
    text-decoration: underline; /* visible link indicator */
}
.contact-email:hover { opacity: 0.8; }
.contact-rule { width: 100%; height: 1px; background: var(--border-2); margin: 40px 0; }
.addr-label {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.58rem; letter-spacing: 0.25em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    /* UPDATED from var(--text-light) #9A9998 — fails on white; now #595857 */
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.addr-text {
    font-size: 0.88rem; line-height: 2.1; color: var(--text-2);
}
.contact-phone { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--text-muted); margin-top: 8px; }
.grad-section { margin-top: 48px; }
.grad-label {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.58rem; letter-spacing: 0.25em;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--text-muted); margin-bottom: 20px;
}
/* External links — use <a> tags (already done in JS) */
.grad-link {
    display: block; font-size: 0.84rem; color: var(--text-2);
    padding: 10px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    transition: color 0.2s, padding-left 0.2s;
    min-height: 44px; /* touch target */
    text-decoration: underline; /* link affordance */
}
.grad-link:hover { color: var(--utah-red); padding-left: 8px; }

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   FOOTER
   Uses <footer> semantic element (Developer §1)
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.site-footer {
    background: var(--black);
    border-top: 4px solid var(--utah-red);
}
.footer-top {
    display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 48px; padding: 64px 48px 48px;
    max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.07);
}
.footer-brand-name {
    font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.5rem; font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--white); margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.footer-brand-name span { color: var(--utah-red); }
.footer-brand-sub {
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.72rem; font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); margin-bottom: 24px; /* UPDATED from 0.3 */
}
/* UPDATED from 0.35 — passes at 0.75 on black */
.footer-brand-desc { font-size: 0.82rem; line-height: 1.8; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); }
.footer-col-title {
    font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.6rem; letter-spacing: 0.25em;
    text-transform: uppercase; color: #FF6B6B; margin-bottom: 20px;
}
/* Footer links — <a> tags for proper semantics */
.footer-link {
    display: block; font-size: 0.82rem;
    /* UPDATED from 0.4 — passes at 0.75 on black */
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
    padding: 6px 0; transition: color 0.2s;
    min-height: 44px; /* touch target */
    text-decoration: none;
}
.footer-link:hover { color: var(--white); text-decoration: underline; }
.footer-bottom {
    padding: 20px 48px; max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto;
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between;
}
/* UPDATED from 0.2 — passes at 0.5 on black (large text exception) */
.footer-copy { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 0.6rem; letter-spacing: 0.1em; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5); }

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   BREADCRUMB — uses <nav aria-label="Breadcrumb"> in JS
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.breadcrumb {
    background: var(--bg-2); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 12px 48px;
}
.breadcrumb-inner {
    max-width: var(--max-w); margin: 0 auto;
    display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
    font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--text-muted);
}
/* Breadcrumb home link */
.breadcrumb-home-link {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    text-decoration: underline;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: color 0.2s;
    background: none; border: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;
    padding: 0;
}
.breadcrumb-home-link:hover { color: var(--utah-red); }
.breadcrumb-sep { color: var(--border-2); }
.breadcrumb-current { color: var(--utah-red); }

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   REVEAL ANIMATIONS
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
.reveal {
    opacity: 0; transform: translateY(24px);
    transition: opacity 0.7s var(--ease), transform 0.7s var(--ease);
}
.reveal.visible { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

@keyframes slideUp {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(28px); }
    to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

/* ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   RESPONSIVE
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .hero { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .hero-right { display: none; }
    .hero-stats { grid-template-columns: 2fr 2fr; position: static; }
    .hero-left { padding: 80px 24px; min-height: 70vh; }
    .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .nav-site-subtitle { display: none; }
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .nav-top, .nav-bottom { padding: 0 20px; }
    .nav-bottom { display: none; flex-direction: column; height: auto; padding: 12px 20px; }
    .nav-bottom.open { display: flex; }
    .nav-mobile-toggle { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }
    .nav-link { padding: 12px 0; min-height: 44px; }
    .nav-site-title { font-size: 0.82rem; }
    .section { padding: 72px 24px; }
    .pillars-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .research-preview { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .pi-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .pi-info { padding: 32px 24px; }
    .prev-cols { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .pub-card { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .footer-top { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .breadcrumb { padding: 12px 24px; }
    .rq-list { padding: 0 24px; }
    .rq-item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0; }
    .rq-num { font-size: 3rem; margin-bottom: 12px; }
    .page-banner { padding: 48px 24px; }
    .hero-stats { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
}